Azodicarbonamide|AC blowing agent|ADC foaming agent|123-77-3

 

Shanghai Exquisite:

As a reputable manufacturer and supplier in the industry, we take pride in being a professional blowing agent supplier. Our commitment is to provide high-quality products to meet the diverse needs of our clients. With years of experience and expertise, we have established a strong reputation for delivering exceptional blowing agents.
We understand the importance of using reliable and efficient blowing agents in various industries such as construction, automotive, and packaging. Therefore, we invest heavily in research and development to ensure that our blowing agents are of the highest standard. Our state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities are equipped with advanced technology to produce blowing agents that meet stringent quality standards.
At our company, customer satisfaction is our top priority. We work closely with our clients to understand their specific requirements and provide them with customized solutions. Our knowledgeable team of experts is always available to offer technical support and guidance.
In addition to supplying blowing agents, we also place a strong emphasis on environmental sustainability. We strive to develop eco-friendly blowing agents that minimize environmental impact. Our commitment to sustainability extends to our production processes, as we aim to reduce waste and energy consumption.
Whether you need blowing agents for foam insulation, automotive components, or packaging materials, we have a comprehensive range of products to cater to your specific needs. Our dedication to quality, reliability, and customer satisfaction sets us apart as a leading blowing agent supplier and manufacturer in the industry.
Choose us as your trusted blowing agent supplier, and experience the difference that our high-quality products and exceptional service can make for your business.

In 2009, Shanghai Exquisite Biochemical Co., Ltd. was founded with a focus on producing and supplying API and chemicals. To offer sourcing services to chemical buyers worldwide, we introduced GlobalchemMall (https://www.globalchemmall.com). In order to strengthen our distribution network, we established an office in Canada in 2010. We have been dedicated to serving our customers with top-quality products and expanding our global presence.

 

 

Basic Information

Product name	ADC blowing agent, also known as azodicarbonamide or AC foaming agent, is a commonly used blowing agent in the production of various materials. With its characteristic properties, this blowing agent is widely used in the manufacturing industry. The masterbatch form of ADC blowing agent is highly sought after due to its convenience and ease of use. Its chemical formula, 123-77-3, further confirms its identity and presence in the market. Overall, AC blowing agent is an essential component in the foaming process, offering numerous advantages and applications in different industries.
CAS No.	123-77-3
EINECS No.	204-650-8
Molecular formula	C2H4N4O2
Molecular weight	116.08
Structure

A Comprehensive Guide to Azodicarbonamide

Definition and common names

Azodicarbonamide, also known as ADA, ADCA, or azo(bis)formamide, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C2H4O2N4. It is a yellow to orange-red, odorless, crystalline powder that has various applications in different industries. It was first described by John Bryden in 1959.

Types and development of blowing agents

Blowing Agent is the most important component used in the preparation of foam plastics. It refers to a type of additive that can be added to form a cell structure in the plastic. It can be divided into physical blowing agents (Physical Blowing Agents, PBA) and chemical blowing agents (Chemical Blowing Agents, CBA ).

Physical Blowing Agent Physical Blowing Agent refers to a foaming substance that volatilizes at least one gas as a foaming gas during processing, including three categories: compressed inert gas, soluble easily sublimable solid, and low boiling point volatile liquid, among which low Boiling point liquids are most commonly used. Low-boiling point volatile liquids are the most commonly used physical Blowing Agents. The main varieties are aliphatic hydrocarbons (generally hydrocarbons containing 5 to 7 carbons), halogenated hydrocarbons (fluorine, chlorine) and other low-boiling point alcohols. , ether ketones and aromatics, etc.

Chemical Blowing Agent Chemical Blowing Agent refers to a foaming substance that is thermally decomposed during processing to produce at least one foaming gas (N2, CO2, etc.). It can be divided into inorganic Blowing Agents and organic Blowing Agents. They are divided into organic chemical Blowing Agents (Organic Chemical Blowing Agents) and inorganic chemical blowing agent (Inorganic Chemical Blowing Agent). The blowing agents produced by Shanghai Exquisite Biochemical Co., Ltd include blowing agents for PVC, blowing agents for EVA, blowing agents for PE/PP, and blowing agents for rubber. , other Blowing Agents.

Inorganic Blowing Agents are the earliest type of chemical Blowing Agents used. Due to their poor compatibility with resin, low decomposition temperature, and the gases produced by decomposition (such as NH3 and CO2, etc.) that easily penetrate the bubble film, their use has been greatly limited. Applications in plastics. Inorganic Blowing Agents are generally not used alone , but are often used in plastics together with organic Blowing Agents. Commonly used inorganic Blowing Agents include sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, sodium nitrite and sodium borohydride.

Organic Blowing Agent is the most commonly used type of Blowing Agent. It has good dispersion in resin, narrow decomposition temperature, and the gas generated is not easy to escape from the cells. Commonly used ones include azo, nitroso, sulfonyl hydrazide, etc. Azo is the most commonly used organic Blowing Agent. Among them, azodicarbonamide AC is the most widely used Blowing Agent among azo. The decomposition temperature of AC can be adjusted by foaming accelerator. Generally, it can be Adjust to the range of 150~205℃. Nitroso Blowing Agents are the second largest Blowing Agent after azo Blowing Agents.

Chemical composition and structure

The structure of azodicarbonamide consists of two carbamoyl groups (NH2-C=O) linked by a diazo group (N=N). The diazo group is responsible for the thermal decomposition of azodicarbonamide, which produces nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and ammonia gases. These gases are trapped in the polymer as bubbles to form a foamed article.

Azodicarbonamide is synthesized in two steps from urea and hydrazine. First, urea reacts with hydrazine to form biurea, as shown in this equation:

2 O=C(NH2)2 + H2N-NH2 → H2N-C(O)-NH-NH-C(O)-NH2 + 2 NH3

Then, biurea is oxidized with chlorine or chromic acid to yield azodicarbonamide:

H2N-C(O)-NH-NH-C(O)-NH2 + Cl2 → H2N-C(O)-N=N-C(O)-NH2 + 2 HCl

Physical and chemical properties

Azodicarbonamide is a yellow to orange-red, odorless, crystalline powder. It has a molar mass of 116.08 g/mol and a density of 1.65 g/cm3. It is insoluble in water and most organic solvents, but soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and dimethylformamide (DMF). It is stable at room temperature, but decomposes at temperatures above 200 °C, releasing nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and ammonia gases.

Food industry: bread, buns, cakes, and more

Azodicarbonamide (ADA) is a chemical substance that has various applications in the food industry. It is used as a whitening agent in cereal flour and as a dough conditioner in bread baking. As a whitening agent, it can oxidize the natural pigments in flour and make it appear brighter. As a dough conditioner, it can enhance the elasticity and toughness of gluten, and improve the rheological and mechanical properties of dough. ADA works by releasing active oxygen when mixed with flour and water, which oxidizes the sulfhydryl groups of amino acids to disulfide bonds in the protein molecule. ADA is approved by the FDA as a safe food additive when used for the purposes and at the levels specified in the regulations. However, some controversy exists over its safety due to its use as a blowing agent in foamed plastics and the potential carcinogenicity of semicarbazide, a breakdown product of ADA.

Plastics: foaming agents

Azodicarbonamide (ADCA) is a chemical compound that has various applications in plastics, especially as a foaming agent. It decomposes at high temperatures to produce gases such as nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and ammonia, which create bubbles in the polymer matrix and form a porous structure. It is mainly used as a foaming agent for polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polystyrene, ABS resin, etc. Modified Azodicarbonamide blowing agent |foaming agent can be added to PP, PA, PC, PET / PBT, and more where the injection temperature is above 230 ℃. Once added, the enhanced mobility of the melted plastics ensures that every inch of the plastics is heated evenly to prevent warpage. Given 65MPa injection pressure, 260C molding temperature, and a 45-second cooling time, for instance, the density of a PC product decreases by 30% for every 2% addition of the blowing agent.

Rubber industry: blowing agents

Azodicarbonamide (ADC) is a chemical compound that is widely used as a blowing agent in the rubber industry, especially for the production of foamed rubber products such as seals, gaskets, mats, and carpets. ADC decomposes at high temperatures and releases nitrogen gas, which forms bubbles in the rubber matrix and creates a cellular structure. ADC has several advantages over other blowing agents, such as low cost, high gas yield, uniform cell distribution, and good compatibility with rubber compounds. It is mainly used for the blowing of neoprene rubber, nitrile rubber, natural rubber, butyl rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, silicone rubber, etc. Its decomposition products are non-toxic, odorless, and non-polluting, and pure white plastic foam can be obtained.

Specific application examples of Azodicarbonamide

How to use Blowing Agent

The foam production process is almost the same as any ordinary plastic production process, usually through processes such as extrusion, rotational molding and injection molding, as well as plastic paste processing and thermoforming. For the same reason, basically any kind of plastic can be made into foam. Polyvinyl chloride (both rigid and soft), polystyrene, polypropylene, ABS and polyethylene are all made into foams on an industrial scale. The same goes for heat-resistant engineering plastics and thermoset polymers.

Raw materials and production process

ADA is synthesized from urea and hydrazine, which are the raw materials, and then oxidized with chlorine or chromic acid to form azodicarbonamide. The resulting product is purified by crystallization, filtration, and drying. The manufacturing process requires careful control of the temperature, pH, and concentration of the reactants and products to ensure high yield and quality of ADA.

Production machinery

The production machinery of Azodicarbonamide(ADA) consists of four main parts: the reactor, the separator, the dryer and the packaging unit.

The reactor is where the raw materials, such as urea, hydrazine and sodium hydroxide, are mixed and heated under high pressure to form ADA. The reaction is exothermic and generates a lot of heat and gas. The gas is vented out through a scrubber system that removes any impurities.

The separator is where the solid ADA is separated from the liquid by-products, such as ammonia and water. The separator uses a centrifuge or a filter to achieve this. The liquid by-products are recycled or disposed of according to environmental regulations.

The dryer is where the solid ADA is dried to remove any residual moisture. The dryer uses hot air or a vacuum to achieve this. The dried ADA has a fine powder form and a yellowish color.

The packaging unit is where the dried ADA is packed into bags or drums for storage or transportation. The packaging unit uses a weighing scale, a filling machine and a sealing machine to achieve this. The packaged ADA has a shelf life of about one year if stored in a cool and dry place.

Quality control and testing

Quality control and testing of azodicarbonamide is an important process to ensure the safety and efficacy of this chemical compound, which is widely used as a blowing agent in the production of foamed plastics. Azodicarbonamide can decompose into toxic gases such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and ammonia when heated above 200°C, which poses a potential health risk to workers and consumers. Therefore, it is essential to monitor the purity, stability, and decomposition products of azodicarbonamide before, during, and after its application.

Quality control and testing of azodicarbonamide can be performed by various analytical methods, such as gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, and thermal analysis. These methods can detect the presence and concentration of azodicarbonamide and its impurities, such as biurea, urea, and semicarbazide. They can also measure the thermal stability and decomposition kinetics of azodicarbonamide under different conditions, such as temperature, pressure, and time. Additionally, these methods can identify and quantify the gaseous products of azodicarbonamide decomposition, such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water, and trace amounts of toxic gases.

Advantages

Cellular Structure: ADC releases gas, primarily nitrogen, when heated, resulting in the formation of a cellular structure within the plastic material. This structure provides the foam with a lightweight and porous nature, offering benefits such as reduced density, improved insulation, and increased buoyancy.

Versatility: ADC blowing agent can be used with a wide range of polymers, including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and others. This versatility allows for its application in various industries and products, providing manufacturers with flexibility and options.

Cost-Effective: Azodicarbonamide is relatively inexpensive compared to other chemical blowing agents, making it a cost-effective choice for manufacturers. The efficient expansion and foaming capabilities of ADA contribute to material savings, as less raw material is required to achieve a specific volume or shape.

Disadvantages

Health and Safety Concerns: When azodicarbonamide is heated to release gas and expand the foam, it can produce decomposition byproducts, including gases such as nitrogen oxides and potentially small amounts of toxic gases like carbon monoxide. These byproducts can pose health and safety risks to workers involved in the manufacturing process, especially in poorly ventilated environments. Proper safety measures and equipment should be in place to mitigate these risks.

Environmental Impact: The use of azodicarbonamide in foamed plastics can raise environmental concerns. When ADC-containing materials degrade or are incinerated, they may release nitrogen-containing compounds into the environment, which can contribute to air pollution and potentially impact ecosystems. Proper waste management and disposal practices are important to minimize environmental impacts.

Potential hazards and safety measures

Potential hazards of azodicarbonamide include respiratory sensitization, respiratory irritation, and organ damage from prolonged or repeated exposure. It may cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled. It may form combustible dust concentrations in the air. It may also decompose into toxic or corrosive gases when heated.

Safety measures of azodicarbonamide include avoiding breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray, wearing respiratory protection in case of inadequate ventilation, removing to fresh air and getting medical attention if exposed or experiencing symptoms, rinsing eyes and skin with water if contacted, and disposing of contents/container to an approved waste disposal plant. It is also advisable to avoid contact with high-temperature objects, sparks, and strong oxidizing agents, and to use local exhaust ventilation. Containers should be handled with care to prevent leakage, overflow, and scattering.

Handling and storage guidelines

The following are some general guidelines for handling and storing ADA safely:

1. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, respirator, and protective clothing when handling ADA. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Wash hands thoroughly after handling.

2. Store ADA in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat, sparks, flames, and incompatible materials such as oxidizing agents, acids, bases, metals, and organic materials. Keep containers tightly closed and labeled. Do not store ADA near food or feed.

3. Use non-sparking tools and equipment when handling ADA. Avoid friction, impact, static electricity, and other sources of ignition. Do not cut, weld, drill, or grind on or near ADA containers.

4. Handle ADA with care and avoid creating dust or aerosols. Use local exhaust ventilation or dust collection systems to minimize airborne concentrations. Do not breathe dust or vapors. Do not ingest or inhale ADA.

5. In case of spill or leak, isolate the area and evacuate personnel. Wear appropriate PPE and use a non-sparking shovel or vacuum to collect the spilled material. Place the material in a suitable container for disposal. Avoid contact with water or moisture as ADA may decompose and release toxic gases such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and ammonia.

6. In case of fire, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or foam extinguishers to put out the flames. Do not use water or halogenated agents as they may react with ADA and cause an explosion. Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and protective clothing.

7. In case of exposure, seek medical attention immediately. If skin contact occurs, remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area with soap and water. If eye contact occurs, flush the eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. If ingestion occurs, do not induce vomiting and give water to drink. If inhalation occurs, move the person to fresh air and administer oxygen if needed.

R&D center:

Workshop & Warehouse:

Packaging and storage:

25kg box. Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse, away from heat sources, fire, prevent moisture, and keep away from acid and alkali. Avoid violent impact during transportation.

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